Decision-making for product design definition method in the early stage of design process of a successful new product

Most product failure in the market is caused by the incompetence to integrate users’ requirements and preferences in the early stage of a new product development process. User involvement in the early stage of the design process is knowledgeable and opens possibilities for new product ideas, improves product innovation, decreases the product risks and prevents from irrelevant design. It also a pleasurable for the product developer to identify and verify the characteristics of a new product. This paper is evaluated on the decision-making process for the product definition phase of the product design and development stage, in which there is a need to incorporate the element of product design to establish the new product design characteristics. It extends the knowledge from product designers and users as a strategy for improving the efficiency of generating a new product idea and increases product quality and success in the market. Product Design Definition Method (PPDM) is explains the theory and procedure used in the decision making process. A very successful product is selected as a case study for validation in substantiating the significance of the method. The end of paper concluded the significant of method use for product designers in the product definition phase of product design and development stage that contributed to the success of a new product

User involvement method in the early stage of new product development process for successful product

User involvement in the early stage of product development process is often increase the innovative of product ideas and as well as facilitate the product designer to establish the characteristics of a new product. A number of methods were used to incorporate the user knowledge in the early stage of a new product development process. Many new strategies were introduced for a systematic and efficiency planning to deliver a better product outcome. However, the product developers are facing difficulties with developing new strategies for a successful product. Whilst, the successful rate of new products still issues and discussing among them. Thus, this study is proposed to identify an effective user involvement method in the early stage of new product development in which contributed in the success of a product. A structured interview was conducted through face-to-face interview with twenty-seven (27) respondents known as product management specialist. The result given a strong recommendation to the well-organized user involvement in the early stage of product development process and significantly in product definition stage. In addition, the identified and selected method is used to increase the design process performance and support the likelihood of successful a new product

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: demographic profile, clinical features, associations and clinical and visual outcomes in black African patients presenting to St John Eye Hospital

MMed, Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandAim To determine and document the demographic profile, clinical features, associations and clinical and visual outcomes in black African patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) attending St John Eye Hospital during 2006 and 2007. Method A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on black African IIH patients. Patient files and data of 21 of 32 IIH patients, seen in the Neuro-ophthalmology clinic at St John Eye Hospital over a two year period (2006 and 2007), were available and this study is based on these 21 patients. All 21 patients fulfilled the modified Dandy criteria for the diagnosis of IIH. Information obtained from files of the 21 patients were recorded on a data capture sheet. The demographics, initial (presenting) and final visual acuities and visual fields, initial and final clinical symptoms and signs, associations and treatment modalities were recorded on the data capture sheet. Visual and clinical outcomes were determined by comparing the final with the initial (presenting) symptoms and signs. The minimum follow-up period between the initial and the final visit was two months. Patients were regarded as legally blind if they had severe to profound visual acuity and/or visual field loss. Results All 21 patients were female and black African. Mean age was 31.2 ± 8.9 years (range 16 – 50 years). Mean period of follow up was 19.9 ± 20.1 months (range 2 – 77 months). 71.4% were obese. All patients presented with symptoms. The commonest presenting symptom was headache (90%) followed by visual loss (67%), transient visual obscurations (38%) and diplopia (29%). The results of the presenting signs were as follows: Seven eyes (17%) had visual acuity loss (most of which were mild [9.5%]), seven patients (33%) had abduction deficits, four patients (9.5%) had unilateral abnormal pupil reactions and all patients had papilloedema. Of the recorded associations seven patients (33%) were hypertensive, six (29%) were on contraception (two [9.5%] were on oral contraception) and two (9.5%) were taking prednisone prior to presentation. After the initial visit, all 21 vi IIH patients were treated with acetazolamide (Diamox) and weight loss was recorded in three patients (14%). Two patients (9.5%) had optic nerve sheath fenestrations (ONSF), two (9.5%) had lumbar-peritoneal shunts (LPS) and six (28.6%) had multiple lumbar punctures (LP’s). The outcome analysis was as follows: Symptoms in 19 patients (90%) improved but 16 patients (76%) still had papilloedema. Two patients (9.5%) had abduction deficits at the final visit. Visual acuity loss occurred in five eyes (12%) at the final visit compared to seven eyes (17%) at the initial visit (presentation). From the initial visit (presentation) to the final visit, visual acuity in seven eyes (16%) improved, 31 eyes (74%) remained stable and four eyes (10%) worsened. Although visual fields in 33 eyes (79%) improved from the initial to the final visit, 36 eyes (86%) still had visual field loss at the final visit. 26% of eyes had severe to profound visual impairment i.e. were legally blind, at the final visit. Conclusion The results of 21 black African IIH patients reported in this study were similar to some other studies with regards to demographics, clinical features and clinical and visual outcomes. An association between IIH and oral contraceptives, steroids and hypertension could not be established. Although symptoms resolved in most patients, a significant number of patients still had papilloedema and visual field loss following treatment. Despite treatment, a quarter of the patients were legally blind at the final visit, indicating that this condition is not benign

Evaluation theories of product definition method for a successful new product

In this paper, The Product Definition Method is used to facilitate the product designer to establish successful product design characteristics. It presents a complete process to involve users in the product definition stage of the design process. The validation of this method is conducted through using one example of a very successful product as a case study. In addition, the in-depth study of sales performance through Correlation Test and Regression Analysis of its success. The result identified that The Product Definition Method is a systematic method as well as a decision making tool in order to involve the user in the design process and will assist them to develop the product design specifications. It also allows the product designer to verify the product quality and make decisions to contribute to its success

User Specifications for Successful New Product: A case study in car design

The ability to develop a new successful product is the main concern of many product developers. Understanding the user requirements and preferences are challenging for a product designer. This paper aims to investigate the user specifications for successful a new product. A case study is conducted to identify the user specification that influenced the success of car design. Both the experience designers and end-users were found to agree on the expectation. The result is used to establish the new product characteristics and assistance the product designer in the product development and increase the probability of product success.    Keywords: New product development, user specification, product success and car design.    eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.231

Extrapolative Morph Design Thinking as an Intangible Ecological Form to Encode the Ecodesign Identity

This paper identifies a new distinction of ecodesign form, where it emerged from the literature case study that most practising designers have not conceived to interpret design research as an ecodesign identity. This research article objective reveals the ecological form creation in the semantics orders. The imaging product digitized an ecological form that was hermeneutically sourced by the literature review process using the heuristic method. It digitized the visual imagery before entering the prescriptive stage. The product imagery therefore digitized some ecodesign characteristics that the intangible ecological form conveyed in the form follows functional perspective; believing to environmentally-friendly product design. Keywords: Form; heuristic method; industrial design; intangible ecological form eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.253

Differential susceptible and staged progression model for HIV

In this paper we first review the mathematical formulation of the original differential infectivity DI and staged-progression SP models, then we formulate a HIV new model with differential susceptibility and staged-progression DSSP to account for variations in viral loads and in the rate of disease progression in infected individuals. Then we derive an explicit formula for the reproductive number of infection for this model, then we provide numerical example for it

Users' emotional responses and perceived product quality towards sustainable design

Emotion of a product has influenced the user interaction and enhanced the value and quality. Also, the quality performs as a cognitive response influencing the user in distinguishing the quality of a product. Nowadays, many product designers have trouble in interpreting potential meanings and perceiving the quality of a product in product development process that should be contributed for sustainable design. The strength of this study emphases not only in identifying and verifying the variable of user’s emotional responses and perceptions in the product quality, but also focuses in developing a new theory of sustainable product design method towards sustainable design. A survey with the involvement of the end users (consumer product) was conducted in this study. The results recognized certain variables of user’s emotional responses and perceptions towards the product quality, which is a significant contribution towards product sustainability and as well as increasing its success in the market. In addition, a new theories of Sustainable Product Design Method (SPDM) has been introduced

Users' requirements and preferences in the success of a new product: a case study of automotive design

There is a significant amount of research and empirical investigations indicating that consideration of users’ requirements and preferences has become an important issue in product design. They are also important as a valuable source of facilitating the product designer in establishing the characteristics of a new product. The aim of this study is to establish the influence of users’ requirements and preferences that has resulted in the success of an automotive. A survey was conducted to identify the key characteristics factors for success of an automotive. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed for a product designer to develop the specifications for a new automotive